05 级《土木工程专业英语》复习指导

一，基本要求

学生应当掌握 Unit8,Unit13,Unit17,Unit18,Unit23 五个单元的全部内容，

尤其是其中的专业词汇和词组（常用者还必须能英汉互译），并能在此

基础上将英文句子及短文翻译成中文。

       二，练习例题

1. 单词英汉互译：

                     proportion              factor                              performance            设备                            resistance              occupancy                           

                     压力                     installation

2. 词组英汉互译：

                    总成本                        cast iron

  construction method          structural form                    

                      management fee              钢框架

                    cast-in-place concrete       tensile strength

3. 句子英译汉：

                   （1） Thus, it seems evident that an engineer should be reasonably familiar with construction   methods and costs if he is to design a project that is to be constructed at the lowest

practical cost.

                    （2）The two primary types of vertical load-resisting elements of tall buildings are columns and walls, the latter acting either independently as shear walls or in assemblies as shear wall cores.

           4，短文英译汉：

                      Compared with concrete, steel is a high strength material. The useful strength of ordinary reinforcing steels in tension as well as compression, i.e., the yield strength, is about 15 times the compressive strength of common structural concrete, and well over 100 times its tensile strength. On the other hand, steel is a high cost material compared with concrete. It follows that the two materials are best used in combination if the concrete is made to resist the compressive stresses and the compressive force, longitudinal steel reinforcing bars are located close to the tension face to resist the tension force, and usually additional steel bars are so disposed that they resist the inclined tension stresses that are caused by the shear force in the beams. However, reinforcement is also used for resisting compressive forces primarily where it is desired to reduce the cross-sectional dimensions of compression members, as in the lower floor columns of multistory buildings. Even if no such necessity exists, a minimum amount of reinforcement is placed in all compression members to safeguard them against the effects of small accidental bending moments that might crack and even fail an unreinforced member.