外贸英语平时作业（三）

一、词组翻译          20%

1.     自由市场                      2.        公平竞争               3.        社会保障               4.        跨国公司

5.     经济体制                      6.        年销售额               7.        证券投资               8.        外汇汇率

9.     贬值                             10.    国际收支平衡表           

二、判断正误                 20%

1.     Union Laws prohibit all kinds of commercial alliance including cartels.                   (       )

2.     The EU is the largest economic entity in the world followed by the USA and Japan.        (       )

3.     If a currency is inclined to cross its limits set by the margins, the Central Banks of the Member States are obliged to ban its circulation.                                                             (       )

4.     The degree of foreign involvement by the “billion dollar club” members is extremely high but varies with different individual cases.                                                                       (       )

5.     When defining a TNC, we may take into consideration its activities, behavior and influence on national and local economics.                                                                                   (       )

6.        Transnational corporation influence is important in some parts of the world but not important in some other parts of the world.                                                                 (       )

7.     Foreign exchange market came into being in the 19 th century.                                (        )

8.     The foreign exchange market is located at some big banks in the world.                  (       )

9.     The reconstruction of Western Europe should be accompanied by rapid development in foreign trade.                                                                                                                 (       )

10.    TNCs are the only reasons which have caused a disproportionate share of world employment, production and economies.                                                                                          (        )

三、英译中            30%

1、As a statistical classification and summary of all economic transactions between domestic and foreign residents over a stipulated period (ordinarily one year), the balance of payments of a nation affords an overall view of its international economic position. For this reason, the balance of payments is particularly helpful to government authorities — treasuries and central banks — who are directly charged with the responsibility of maintaining external economic stability. Moreover, international trade is so important to many countries that the balance of payments must be carefully considered in the formulation of domestic economic policies such as employment, wages, and investment.

2、Central banks of the member countries were required to intervene in the foreign exchange markets to keep the value of their currencies within 1 percent of the par value. This intervention was achieved by buying or selling foreign exchange or gold. A given currency could, therefore, never rise above nor fall below fixed points, which are called intervention points. These are the prices beyond which the central bank intervenes. This is called the system of fixed exchange rates.

3、The ERM forms a parity grid of bilateral exchange rates, in which the individual currencies are pegged to each other by means of a fixed relations (within margins) to their ECU central rates. If a currency is inclined to cross its limits set by the currency markets by means of buying (weak) and selling (strong) currencies. The system is adjustable, however. In case of a persistent upwards or downwards pressure on a currency, caused by economic fundamentals, it may be decided collectively to devalue or revalue a currency by changing the ECU central rate. Such realignments have taken place quite frequently, especially during the early 1980s. So in fact, the ERM is not a system of totally fixed exchange rates: some flexibility is built in by the use of margins and more substantial adjustments are also possible. Even so, its intention at least is to provide short-term exchange rate stability. Until 1992 it did so quite successfully.

四、问答题            30%

1、What is your opinion about such agreements as price-fixing, market-sharing, production restrictions and exclusive purchase and distribution? Do you think they are in favor of competition or not? Why?

2、What are the three basic characteristics of transnational corporations?

3、Sometimes people call such gargantuan organizations as IBM or Philips global corporations. Why do people call them global corporations?

4、What are debit transactions?

5、Who are particularly concerned with the balance of payments?

6、What is the foreign exchange market?