《英语国家概况（ 2 ）》平时作业
英语国家概况 (2) 的考核平时成绩占 20% 。期末考试成绩占 80% ，由江苏电大外语系统一命题。英语考试形式为闭卷，考试时间 120 分钟。考试内容紧扣教材课后练习。
考试题型有：
Ⅰ. Choose the correct answer to each of the following question
Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks
Ⅲ. Explain the following terms
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly
综合练习：
Ⅰ Choose the correct answer to each of the following question
1. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?
A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.
B. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.
C. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.
D. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants only.
2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?
A. The growth of capitalism.
B. The Renaissance.
C. The Religious Reformation.
D. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic.
3. The following were the main Reformation leaders except___________.
A. Martin Luther
B. Martin Luther King
C. John Calvin
D. The English King Henry VIII
4. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?
A. Catholics.
B. Puritans.
C. Quakers.
D. Church of England.
5. Which of the following statements was NOT correct when the War of Independence was over?
A. Each new state had its own government.
B. Each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs.
C. The national government was called the Congress with little power.
D. The relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.
6. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?
A. The new states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other.
B. Some new states wanted to be free from the Union.
C. The Congress could not raise money to pay the national army and to pay debts owed to France and other nations.
D. The Congress had no power to tax any citizen.
7. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?
A. Virginia.
B. Rhode Island.
C. New York.
D. Maryland.
8. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?
A. The executive.
B. The legislative.
C. The Judicial.
D. The president.
9. Which of the following is Not a power of the president?
A. The president can veto any bill passed by Congress.
B. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when cacancies occur.
C. The president can make laws.
D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding work of the federal departments.
10. The Bill of Rights consists of _______________.
A. 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment
B. 10 amendments adopted in 1787
C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791
D. the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion
11. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
A. The freedom of religion.
B. The freedom of searching a person's home by police.
C. The freedom of speech and of the press.
D. The right to own weapons if one wishes.
12. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except___________.
A. the Bill of Rights
B. the judicial review
C. the political party system
D. the powers of the president
13. The New Deal was started by _________________________.
A. Franklin Roosevelt
B. J. F. Kennedy
C. George Washington
D. Thomas Jefferson.
14. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?
A. The Last of the Mohicans.
B. The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow.
C. “The Masque of the Red Earth.
D. Moby Dick.
15. Mark Twin's works are characterized by the following except_____________.
A. sense of humor
B. egotism
C. jokes
D. tall tales
16. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is not?
A. Ernest Hemingway.
B. Eugene O'Neill.
C. William Faulkner.
D. F. Scott Fitzgerald.
17. _______________ does not belong to the “Lost Generation”?
A. John Dos Passos
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. F. Scott. Fitzgerald
D. John Steinbeck
18. Which of the following is NOT a black author?
A. Richard Wright.
B. Alan Ginsberg.
C. James Baldwin.
D. Ralph Ellison.
19. The expenditure in American public school is guided or decided by ________.
A. teachers
B. students
C. headmasters
D. boards of education
20. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?
A. Elementary school, grammar school
B. Elementary school, junior high school
C. Elementary school, secondary school
D. Junior high school, senior high school
21. Nearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because_______.
A. they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them
B. they enjoy the high prestige of these institutions
C. they like the teachers and surroundings in these institutions
D. they prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
22. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?
A. Harvard University.
B. The State University of New York.
C. Yale University.
D. Princeton University.
23. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except_______________.
A. investment
B. student tuition
C. endowments
D. government funding
24. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as_______________________.
A. the Black Muslims.
B.Federal Bureau of Investigation
C. Student for a Democratic Society
D. Ku Klux Klan
25. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was that__________________.
A. they resented traditional white male values in U.S. today
B. they love America so much
C. they thought they knew better than their teachers
D. they viewed the adult world with grave doubt
26. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ____________ to educate people about the war in Vietnam.
A. teach-in
B. rock'n'roll music
C. class boycott
D. “march against fear”
27. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when ___________ delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. President Johnson
C. Martin Luther King, Jr
D. Mario Savio
28. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “__________________” to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity”.
A. war against Vietnam
B. war against poverty
C. war against Japan
D. New Frontier Program
29. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi, ____________ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. James Farmer
C. Ella Baker
D. Martin Luther King, Jr
30. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called _______________________.
A. the “Hippies”
B. the “Beat Generation”
C. the “Me Generation”
D. the “Lost Generation”
31. In the 1960 's, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of ________ by ___________, they found a voice.
A. The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan
B. Profiles in Courage, John F. Kennedy
C. The Other America, Michael Harrington
D. Catcher in the Rye, J. D. Salinger
32. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Slavery was mainly in the South.
B. Racial discrimination existed throughout the United States in American history.
C. Racial segregation after the Civil War existed only in the South.
D. Racial segregation existed throughout the U.S. after the Civil War.
33. Three of the following changes among many blacks took place after the 1960s. Which of them is NOT true?
A. Blacks felt more and more confident that they would be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.
B. Blacks felt that the black community ought to coexist with other groups.
C. Blacks felt that “black is beautiful”.
D. Blacks felt more and more proud of themselves.
34. In the 1970s, although the income of the black family increased greatly, the total black-white income gap was widened. Which of the following was the main factor contributing to this situation?
A. More white families moved into high-paying jobs.
B. Blacks had low positions and low pay in the workplace hierarchy.
C. There were more children in black families.
D. White families had increased their authority over others.
35. Three of the following factors contribute to the higher arrest rates among minority groups. Which is the exception?
A. The aggressive nature of these groups.
B. Racial prejudice against them.
C. Low social status of these groups.
D. Poverty and unemployment among minority groups.
36. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The Northern states had outlawed slavery by 1830.
B. Slavery was finally abolished in the South in 1865.
C. The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.
D. Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southern states until the 1950s.
37. If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Index and if authorities were m more vigorous in their enforcement of law, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be____________.
A. older
B. wealthier
C. whiter.
D. living near city centers.
38. Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs including LSD?
A. The FBI.
B. The CIA.
C. Congress.
D. Richard Nixon.
39. _______________ made the first desktop PC?
A. Robert H Goddard
B. Nazi Germany
C. J. Robert Oppenheimer
D. US military
40. ______________ invented the telephone?
A. Samuel F. B. More
B. Alexander Graham Bell
C. Thomas Alva Edison
D. Reginald Fessenden
41. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ___________________.
A. the Appalachian Mountains
B. the Rocky Mountains
C. the Green Mountains
D. the Blue Ridge Mountains
42. The State of California is on _____________.
A. the Atlantic Coast
B. the Gulf of Mexico
C. the Pacific Coast
D. Caribbean Sea
43.___________ has vestiges of old Southern plantations.
A. New Orleans
B. San Francisco
C. Los Angeles
D. San Diego
44. The Granite State in the US is _________________.
A. New Hampshire
B. New York State
C. Pennsylvania
D. Florida
45. Ronald Reagan used to be a _________________.
A. basketball player
B. sports radio announcer
C. conservative political columnist
D. sports writer
46. Which of the following is not a team game?
A. Volleyball.
B. Bowling.
C. Soccer.
D. Field hockey.
47. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is ____________.
A. a form of rock “n” roll singing popular among American teenagers
B. a form of operatic singing originated from Southern European countries
C. a form of country music singing
D. A form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches
48. Where is Lake Louise located?
A. In the northern part of Canada
B. On the Canadian-American border.
C. On the east coast.
D. In the Rockies.
49. Who first came and settled Canada?
A. British colonists
B. French colonists
C. American colonists
D. Spanish colonists
50. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?
A. The Queen.
B. A Cabinet Minister.
C. The Prime Minister.
D. The Governor General.
51. Which of the following is true about Canada?
A. The Queen is the official head of state.
B. She is a member of the Cabinet.
C. She is a symbol of parliamentary democracy.
D. She is a symbol of Canada.
52. Which of the following provinces are densely populated in Canada?
A. Saskatchewan and Ontario.
B. Ontario and Quebec.
C. Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
D. Quebec and Manitoba.
53. Which of the following is NOT correct about Canada?
A. The Senate is controlled by the House of Commons.
B. The Senate is not elected.
C. The Senate is recommended by the Prime Minister.
D. The Senate is appointed by the Governor General.
54. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada?
A. Manitoba.
B. Ontario.
C. Saskatchewan.
D. Quebec.
55. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?
A. German.
B. Japanese.
C. French.
D. Finnish.
56. Around the beginning of 20 th century, Chinese laborers came to Canada to ________.
A. work as farmers and miners
B. build the railroad
C. do fur trade
D. open shops
57. Which of the following would the Canadian policy-makers thought that would fit easily in to Canada?
A. Britons.
B. Japanese.
C. Ukrainians.
D. Mexicans.
58. By 1985, how many percent of immigrants were non-European?
A. 30%.
B. 80%.
C. 60%.
D. 50%.
59. During the Second World War, the Japanese settlers in Canada were forced to move_____.
A. to east of Rocky Mountain
B. back to Japan
C. to Pearl Harbors
D. to the east coast
60. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ________.
A. English
B. French
C. Mandarin Chinese
D. Cantonese
参考答案：
1~5 ： ADBAD 6~10: BBBCC 11~15: BDADB
16~20: DDBDC 21~25: ABADA 26~30: ACBDA
31~35: ADABA 36~40: CDBAB 41~45: BCAAB
46~50: BDDBC 51~55: ABADC 56~60: BACAD
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks:
1. The New World of American was peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first one from _______ and the second from _________ and _________.
2. American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived. These three civilizations were __________,_____________ and ____________.
3. ___________ was the first to start the Religious Reformation and the next important leader of the Reformation was _______________.
4.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today's _________ in the year of _________.
5.New England was founded by a group of religious believers called _________ while Pennsylvania was planted by __________ who was a _____________ in religion.
6. _________________ officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation.
7. The institution that began to assume the function of a national government during the American Revolution was _________________.
8. After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called _______________ and the agreement that guided the government was ______________.
9. The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the US Constitution was made is __________________.
10. The Constitutional Convention was held in the year of ____________ and the president of the Convention was ______________________.
11. The US federal government consists of the following three branches: ____________,________________ and __________________.
12. The Congress is divided into ______________ with ______ members who serve two-year terms, and ___________ with ______ lawmakers who serve six-year terms.
13.The Supreme Court is composed of ___________ chief justice and __________ associate justices.
14.There are _________ amendments to the US Constitution.
15.Two major political parties are _______________, which is thought to be more liberal, and ___________________, which is believed to be more __________________.
16.The best-known stock exchange is ____________________________ located in ______________ area of New York City.
17.A great economist in the Industrial Revolution Era was an English man named __________________.
18.The first Catholic president in the US was______________________.
19.After World War I, many novelists produced literary works of disillusionment. Some of them lived abroad and were known as the “_____________________”.
20.About _________ percent of American students go to ________ schools and _____ percent attend private schools.
21.Every state in America has its own laws about _______ and all states require young people to __________. Thus every child in America is guaranteed up to_____ years of education.
22.Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income: _________, endowments and ______________.
23.After earning a certain number of credits in four years of college, the undergraduate student gets a _________ degree. The other two higher degrees are _____________ and _____________________.
24.The civil rights movement, together with ______________and _______________ during the 1960s had been deeply rooted in US history.
25.When the civil rights movement began, __________ direct action tactics like “______________” and ______________________ were used to protest segregation laws. Later, anti-war activists added ____________________to educate people about the war in Vietnam.
26.According to a professor of history, all social movements have two basic characteristics: ________________ and__________________________.
27.The spontaneous action of nonviolent civil disobedience of ________________, was believed to be the true beginning of the civil rights movement.
28.In the summer of 1963, hundreds of thousands of peaceful demonstrators, marches to Washington DC, where ________________ gave the famous ________________ speech.
29.In 1964, ______________ signed into law the Civil Rights Act passed by Congress to improve the racial relations.
30.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which __________________ and__________________________ were assassinated.
31.In 1966, the ______________________(NOW) was formed by the first two groups of the women's movement, namely women ____________, and housewives.
32.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is ____________ who make up about ________________ percent of the population .
33.Former President_____________ said that crime is America's “number one enemy”.
34.__________ had tested variety of drugs, including LAD, on many people who were unaware that they were being used as _____________, and had caused several deaths in the process.
35.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the waters of the ________ River.
36.The Hoover Dam was named after President ______________________.
37. Yosemite National Park has spectacular scenery of valleys carved out by ___________.
38.America's movies are mostly made in ______________, near the city of ____________ in South California.
39.Stretching south of Miami is a chain of islands called the ______________. The farthest island is _________________, which is a favorite resort for US President Harry Truman, and the site of home of novelist _________________________.
40.The name of the boat taking visitors to the very base of the Niagara Falls is ___________________________.
41.Jazz music, as a musical form, initially performed and appreciated by _______________.
42.It was in _______________, that a new combination of folk music, work chants, spiritual, marches, and even European classical music, blended together in the form known as_________________.
43.In area, Canada is the ________________ country on earth.
44.Canada's motto is that the country stretches __________________, with the _____________Ocean along the west coast and the ________________ Ocean on the east coast.
45.Canada and the United States have good relations, and they share the longest _________________________ in the world.
46.Canada consists of______________ provinces and ____________ territories.
47.The western-most province in Canada is BC —— _________________________.
48.The capital of Canada is ____________ and the second largest city is _______________.
49.The official head of Canada is __________________. As she doesn't live in Canada, she is represented by an official called ____________________.
50.Many people use the notion that American society is a ____________ while Canada is described as a ___________________________.
答案参考教材课后练习
Ⅲ.Explain the following terms.
1. American Indians
2. Puritanism
3. The Declaration of Independence
4. George Washington
5. Benjamin Franklin
6. a federal system
7. the making of US Constitution
8. the Bill of Rights
9. Boards of Education
10.Higher education
11.the Civil Rights Movement
12.Martin Luther King, Jr.
13.Counter Culture
14.white-collar crimes
15.the abuse of power by government
16.Richard Nixon
17.the Grand Canyon National Park
18.Yellowstone National Park
19.Disney land
20.the National Monument
21.Niagara Falls
22.NBA
23.Jazz music
24.the Canadian identity
25.the Canadian Mosaic
26.Quebec
答案参考教材课后练习
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions
该项简答题与教材课后练习 Questions for Thought 不同，考察的知识点较为具体，覆盖了前面三项练习的题目，要求学生能够对于所提问题用完整的句子言简意赅地表述。
例如：
According to a professor of history, what are the two basic characteristics of social movements?
回答：
According to a professor of history, structure and spontaneity are the two basic characteristics of social movement.
该题是由填空题转变而来。
又例如：
What is the main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico?
回答：
Rocky Mountain is the main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico.
该题是由选择题转变而来。
所以请同学们在复习时，务必认真对待课后的选择、填空以及名词解释，因为它们覆盖了课本中的重要知识点。
祝大家考出好成绩！