阅读（ 2 ）复习
The following questions are based on the following Passages.
Passage One
Paris
It's a beautiful city! Very Romantic! There's such a lot to see. There's a huge cathedral. There is a strange iron tower. There's a river which goes through the middle of the city. There are lots of wonderful galleries. And it isn't far from Euro Disney.
Passage Two
Cairo
There are broad avenues beside the Nile and narrow street in the old city. There are mosques and markets, shops and museums. So many things to see. And the Pyramids are just outside the city, too.
Fill in the following blanks and complete the ideas based on the information you get from the passages.
In Paris you may find many things such as
1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. You may go to __________ very easily from Paris for the city is quite close to it.
6. A river called __________ goes through Cairo.
7. In Cairo you may go along __________ avenues beside the river.
8. The streets in the old city are quite __________.
9. you have to go __________ to see pyramids.
10. _________ are things that you've seldom seen elsewhere.
Passage Two
China's Models
Zhen Jun had great books and lots of ambitions. What she needed was a break. It came last year when she was eating with friends in a Beijing restaurant. At a nearby table were Cheng Jing, who runs a modeling agency, and one of his top girls, Huan Lulu. Cheng was so struck by the woman across the room that he asked Huan to go over and introduce herself. “She was very lucky,” says Huan. “Before dinner was over, she was talking with us.” And before Zhen had left the restaurant, she had decided to join Cheng and about 40 of his models.
Although the designer fashion industry is spreading across China, it cannot be compared with the Western fashion industry. Because of various circumstances, China has few local fashion labels. Secondly, there are few photographers in China, so there is little chance just yet for designers to become known, or for China's models to do anything more than model a new style at a fashion show.
Zhen and Huan won't reveal how much they earn but there is no limit to their ambition. Zhen, 19 years old and 1.8 meters tall, has the lush pouting lips that Westerners admire but Chinese dislike. It's a typical model's face—memorable, but not necessary beautiful. Huan is closer to a standard Chinese definition of pretty, with thin, curving eyebrows that contribute to her haughty air. She is two years younger than Zhen, also 1.8 meters tall.
Both chat with confidence about their futures in the business, but are still unsure. Huan is taking a work-study program at a major Beijing hotel. With the classroom phase completed, she says she is completing her training by working—without pay—in the food and beverage department. Zhen is studying management at Beijing Industrial College.
For most Chinese girls, the path to the catwalk begins in a modeling competition, “The industry is new,” says Cheng. “Competition increase interest. It's our equivalent of the beauty pageants held abroad.” As he speaks Cheng works the phones in his office-cum-apartment on Beijing's Third Ring Road. He is dressed in foreign sportswear and glitters with jewelry: a pinkie ring, a gold watch and a gold neck chain. Photos of models are tacked and taped to his walls.
The 34-year-old army veteran got the idea for his Cheng Jing Modeling Center when he attended the 1994 Beijing International Auto Exhibition. A frustrated Japanese car-maker asked why Beijing didn't supply models for publicity work. Then a Japanese friend asked Cheng to line up some women for a promotion, and he just developed his company from there.
The Shanghai International fashion Model Competition is a favorite with Chinese girls, mainly because it gives them a chance to measure themselves against their Western counterparts. “To be honest, the Chinese models can't yet compare to Western ones,” says Cheng. Still, they are a big hit in Hong Kong, where they model in fashion shows. Lam, who helps organize fashion shows for the local Trade Development Council claims, “Many mainland girls—especially those from the north—are of a high standard. They have lots of training, they are young, they are tall and they have good skin. They make good models.”
Zhang Xiaoqing, standing 1.8 meters tall—“exactly,” as she likes to point out, is determined to make a success of her career just like Zhen and Huan. The 19-year-old girl is not breathtakingly beautiful, but her face lingers after she has gone. As a student at Beijing Textile College, she is up at seven in the morning, then in class from eight until midday, five days a week. Evenings are spent working on design projects or hanging out with her roommates. Zhang shares a three-by-five square meter dormitory with six others—hardly the lifestyle of women in training for one of the most style-conscious jobs in the world. She doesn't mind. “Being a student's cool,” she says. “And I'm learning design as well as modeling.”
Zhang won a modeling competition in Dalian last year. Now she has her sights set on a breakthrough in Beijing. After that, who knows? But entering a competition is tough without a manager or sponsor. “You need photos,” she says. “It's just not possible for me to find photographers and do everything else all by myself.” That might put an end to her ambition to compete in this year's Shanghai competition along with hundreds of other hopefuls. “What we need is a modeling association or union,” she says. “It would protect everyone. It would regulate the business.”
It might also help raise the profile of Chinese models internally. “Foreign companies use Chinese models because they're inexpensive,” Says Linda Hsich, whose work in assisting promising models to study English abroad has given her an inside look at the industry.
For Zhang, it's reality. As she makes her way to the bus stop from college, people turn for a second and third look. She ignores them. At the bus stop, the photos advertising most products are still of foreign women and men. One day, if she's lucky, that will be her face on those billboards.
Read passage 2 and identify which paragraphs contain the following ideas. The first one is done for you as an example.
Examples: Paragraph 1 Zhen Jun was very lucky to meet Cheng Jing, the manager of a modeling agency.
11. __________ A model's future in China depends on a modeling competition.
12. __________ Chinese models like the Shanghai International fashion Model Competition.
13. __________ Cheng Jing's company developed out of the need for Chinese models.
14. __________ Huan and Zhen are planning for their future.
15. __________ The fashion industry in China cannot be compared to the West.
16. __________ Description of Huan and Zhen.
17. __________ Explanation of how Cheng Jing's company started.
18. __________ Explanation of the status of Chinese models.
19. __________ Explanation of study and work.
20. __________ There are few labels, few photographers and few opportunities for Chinese models.
The following questions are based on Passage 3.
Filling the blanks with words below
fall enough hand twice live
million year more falls each
Enough rain (21)__________ on the land every year to cover all the countries in the world to a depth of three quarters of a metre. Unfortunately, two thirds of this rain evaporates and two thirds of the rest runs away in floods. Nevertheless, there is, in theory, (22)__________ water to supply twice the world's population..
The real problem is that the rain doesn't all (23)__________ where the people (24)__________. Kuwait, for example, which has nearly two (25)__________ people, gets hardly any rain at all. Iceland, on the other (26)__________, with a population of about a quarter of a million, gets enough rain for (27)__________ to use 674,600 cubic metres a (28)__________.
Another problem is that people use a lot (29)__________ than they used to. The rate of use has multiplied sixfold, which is (30)__________ the rate of population increase.
To Tell the Truth
What a strange world it would be if everyone told the truth! Even though all world religions caution against lying, it seems that lying is universal communication style. Most of us get angry at big lies—especially those in government, business, and the social world. But how about truth-telling in our private life? Should we always tell the truth to husbands, wives, mothers, fathers, children? Do we?
WE ALL LIE. National public opinion polls find that only about one in 10 americans say they never tell a lie. One study of college studentsfound that each student told about two lies a day. Half of all adults interviewed in the CBS News Poll last year admitted they've told a lie they regretted, and nearly as many said they had been deeply hurt by a lie someone told them.
WE ALL LIE ABOUT LIES. Researchers asked subjects to describe the lies they told over a period of weeks. Subjects over-reported “white lies” (harmless lies – I really like your dress) and underreported serious lies (I graduated with honors)
WE LIE DIFFERENTLY TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF PEOPLE. We tell different lies to men than to women. Men and women tell more lies about themselves when talking to men, but more lies about others when talking to women. Men are particularly likely to lie about themselves. Women tell more lies than men, but only because women tell white lies in order to flatter or avoid confrontation.
LIES ARE HARD TO DETECT. Surveys show that nearly everyone believes most people are truthful. That's why people are so bad at detecting lies. Psychologists have even tested the lie-detecting ability of police officers, judges, customs inspectors and others whose job includes needing to detect lies. In these studies, these people were no better at identifying lies than control groups of college students.
True or False questions
31. Five in ten Americans say they never tell a lie.
32. American college students tell about two lies a day.
33. a white lie is harmless lie.
34. Men tell fewer lies than women.
35. Experts such as police officers can detect lies easily.
Choose the word or phrase best express the underlined word.
36. Even though all world religions caution against lying.
A. protect B. warn C. prepare
37. With an embarrassed face, he admitted that he had told a lie.
A. although he didn't want to say so, he did
B. felt proud
C. to anger someone by telling a lie
38. When she realized the bug problems she had caused, she regretted her lie.
A. enjoyed B. returned C. wished she hadn't done it
39. Shy people do not like confrontation .
A. peace B. open disagreement C. talks
40. Lies are hard to detect .
A. tell B. notice C. remember
Part III
Questions 41—60 are based on the Following Passages.
Passage 5
About 400 hundred years ago, the great Chinese playwright Tang Xianzu(1550—1616) created the beautiful dream opera “Peony pavilion.” Today, 400 hundred years later, Cheng Shizheng, a New York-based Chinese director and the Shanghai Kunju Opera Troup, are giving Americans a chance to experience Tang Xianzu's dream.
This 55-act traditional Chinese opera lasts 20 hours. It will be spread over six nights, during which the viewers will live through a young woman's dream of meeting her perfect match, a young man's dream of finding his lover at the peony pavilion, the woman's death, the young man's pursuit of her ghost, the woman's resurrection, and finally, their reunion after battles with the Judge of Hell.
In this production of the opera set in the Song Dynasty (960—1279), 22 actors and actresses will play 106 roles. “The opera is an epic spectacle that rolls out like a giant Chinese scroll painting,” said Chen. With a total investment of US$500,000, Chen hopes to bring the audience back to the ancient Chinese theater at the time of Tang Xianzu—a contemporary of, and of equal importance as Shakespeare.
Unlike the stage of traditional Western drama, the stage of “Peony Pavilion” will be open to
create a relaxed atmosphere. There are no backdrops on the stage, the accompanying orchestra sits in full view of the audience, and the actors and the actresses make up and change costumes on stage. Bird cages with real birds will hang on each side of the stage, and the performers will fish in a real fish pond in front of the stage. Actors and actresses who have finished their parts are free to mix and chat with the audience, and at any time during the performance, the audience can go to the lobby to get something to eat or drink.
Chen believes this new kind of drama will offer the audience a relaxed enjoyment in which they can get to know the performers, as well as converse with their friends, just as in a traditional village performance in China.
There is no record of the precise year when Tang wrote “Peony Pavilion”. He lived at a time when the dominant philosophy in China was Neo-Confucianism ( Li Xue ), a school of philosophy which believed people should regulate their behavior according to feudal rules. Tang, however saw the need for people to feel free in expressing their emotions. He tried to celebrate love in “Peony Pavilion” as a counter reaction to the strict moral codes at that time.
The two main characters in the play become lovers. This love is so deep that the living will die from it, and the dead come back to life. Tang's “Peony Pavilion” represents a ground breaking effort in the expression of the broad humanistic idea of life and society, heaven and hell. In this sense, “Peony Pavilion” gives the audience a chance to reflect on the beauty and sorrow of life, death, love, society and folk customs, says Chen. “These are enduring themes of both Oriental and Occidental theater that will continue to inspire playwrights and stage directors into the next century.” Chen said.
Dreams are a main theme in Tang's works. His four representative plays—“Peony Pavilion”, “The Tale of Handan”, “The Tale of the Purple Hairpin”—are all related to dreams, and he called them “ the four dreams of Yumingtang” (the name he gave his house).
Kunju Opera is one of China's classical opera forms, which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu Province about 500 hundred years ago. Through centuries of development, Kunju Opera has established a complete system of acting as well as its own distinctive music. Both the music and the acting of Kunju Opera have had a significant influence on other traditional Chinese Opera forms, including Yueju Opera and Peking Opera.
“Peony Pavilion” has remained an important opera in the repertoire of the Shanghai Kunju Opera Troupe. The troupe has staged excerpts from the opera three times, in the 1950s, 1980s and 1990s. Each lasted about two or three hours. “The opera was written about 400 years ago, but there is no record in history of a complete performance of the whole opera,” said Cai Zhengren, president of the Shanghai Kunju Opera Troupe.
“Chinese people often say Tang is as great as his contemporary Shakespeare, but we have never shown his greatness to the world,” said Chen. Perhaps now people outside China will begin to discover the art of this great Eastern dramatist whose dreams are the stuff that plays are made of.
Read passage 2 and then choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
41. __________ wrote the “Peony Pavilion”.
A. Chen Shizheng B. Cai Zhengren C. Tang Xianzu
42.“Peony Pavilion” was set __________.
A. between 1550 and 1616 B. between 960 and 1279 C. in the 1950s
43.There are altogether __________ acts in the “Peony Pavilion”.
A. 20 B. 6 C. 55
44.Which of the following is true about Tang Xianzu and Shakespeare according to the passage?
A. Tang lived in the time earlier than Shakespeare.
B. Tang is considered as important as Shakespeare.
C. They had similar ideas about theater.
45.The stage production of Chinese opera is __________ western opera.
A. different from B. better than C. the same as
46.Which of the following is true about the time when Pavilion was written?
A. Nobody knows exactly in which year “Peony Pavilion” was written.
B. People can find in a record book the year in which “Peony Pavilion” was written.
C. “Peony Pavilion” was written in the 1700s.
47.Which of the following is NOT among the enduring themes of both eastern and western theater?
A. Death. B. Health. C. Love.
48.__________ is a main theme in Tang's works.
A. Beauty B. Dream C. Sorrow
49.Which of the following is true about Kunju Opera?
A. Kunju opera has had a great influence on the other Chinese opera forms.
B. Kunju opera is a modern opera form.
C. Kunju opera's music is similar to that of Yueju opera.
50.The Shanghai Kunju Opera troupe has just put on some acts of “Peony Pavilion” __________.
A. twice B. three times C. four times
Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education —— not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.
“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Razitch's latest bock, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”
“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children :“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized —— going to school and learning to read —— so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”
51. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?
[A] The habit of thinking independently.
[B] Profound knowledge of the world.
[C] Practical abilities for future career.
52. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of
[A] undervaluing intellect.
[B] favoring intellectualism.
[C] supporting school reform.
53. The views of Ravish and Emerson on schooling are
[A] identical.
[B] opposite.
[C] complementary.
54. Emerson, according to the text, is probably
[A] a pioneer of education reform.
[B] an opponent of intellectualism.
[C] a scholar in favor of intellect.
55. What does the author think of intellect?
[A] It is second to intelligence.
[B] It evolves from common sense.
[C] It is to be pursued.
Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.
Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.
At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk. Because she was such a great lady her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.
At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess ( 公爵夫人 ) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o'clock stopped her getting “a sinking feeling” as she called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea-time was born.
56. Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain?
A) The Britons got expensive tea from India.
B) It was not until the 17th century that the Britons had tea.
C) The Britons were the first people in Europe who drank tea.
57. This passage mainly discusses __________.
A) the history of tea drinking in Britain
B) how tea became a popular drink in Britain
C) how the Britons got the habit of drinking tea
58. Tea became a popular drink in Britain __________.
A) in eighteenth century
B) in sixteenth century
C) in seventeenth century
59. People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because __________.
A) Madame de Sevinge was such a lady with great social influence that people tried to copy the way she drank tea
B) it tasted more pleasant
C) it became a popular drink
60. We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influence of ___________.
A) a famous French lady
B) the ancient Chinese
C) the upper social class
Questions 61—80 are based on the Passages.
In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue restaurant, then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one new concept: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.
Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks' sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.
Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers' fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise other copies of their restaurants. The agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu. The equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches.
Today McDonald's is really a household name. Its names for its sandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonald's had over $ 1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.
True or False Questions
61 This passage mainly talks about the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald.
62 Mac and Dick used to manage a barbecue restaurant.
63 We may infer from this passage that Ray Kroc was a good businessman.
64 The passage suggests that California is the best place to go into business.
65 As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the word ”unique” means special.
Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are together-the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.
Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs ( 粘膜炎 ) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood-pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy ( 中风 ). The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.
The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic ( 滑稽的 ) press. This kind of thing: ‘A man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into.'
A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.
True or False Questions
66 All boys and girls in large families know that Railway leads the world to peace.
67 According to those who welcomed the railway, the railway itself should lead to a war.
68 According to the anti-railway group, the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect people's nerves
69 We may safely conclude that the author belongs to the anti-railway group.
70 The tone of this passage is Humorous.
A mysterious “black cloud” approaches the earth – our planet's weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but there was no serious disaster.
The death number in the U. S. Remained quite small, thanks largely to the air-conditioning units that had been fitted during previous years and months. Temperatures rose to the limit of human endurance throughout the whole country and people were obliged to remain indoors for weeks on end. Occasionally air-conditioning units failed and it was then that fatalities occurred.
Conditions were utterly desperate throughout the tropics as may be judged from the fact that 7943 species of plants and animals became totally extinct. The survival of Man himself was only possible because of the caves and cellars he was able to dig. Nothing could be done to reduce the hot air temperature. More than seven hundred million persons are known to have lost their lives.
Eventually the temperature of the surface waters of the sea rose, not so fast as the air temperature it is true, but fast enough to produce a dangerous increase of humidity. It was indeed this increase that produced the disastrous conditions just remarked. Millions of people between the latitudes of Cairo and the Cape of Good Hope were subjected to a choking atmosphere that grew damper and hotter from day to day. All human movement ceased. There was nothing to be done but to lie breathing quickly as a dog does in hot weather.
By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics lay balanced between life and total death. Then quite suddenly rain clouds appeared over the whole globe. The temperature declined a little, due no doubt to the clouds reflecting more of the Sun's radiation back into space, But conditions could not be said to have improved. Warm rain fell everywhere, even as far north as Iceland. The insect population increased enormously, since the burning hot atmosphere was as favorable to them as it was unfavorable to Man many other animals.
True or False Question
71. In the British Isles the temperature ranged from eighty to ninety.
72. Few people in the United States lost their lives because people were provided with the most comfortable air-conditioners.
73. Millions of people in Cairo and the Cape of Good Hope were subjected to a choking atmosphere because the temperature became damper and hotter as the humidity of the surface waters of the sea increased.
74. By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics were such that human survival would be impossible .
75. The insect population increased due to the rain clouds.
76. There was a serious disaster in Britain.
77. Temperature was too high for humans to endure in America.
78. There is no way to deal with the terrible temperature
79. The temperature of the surface of the sea didn't rise.
80. There was still no sign of rain yet.
Questions 81—90 are based on Passage 5.
Policemen, both in Britain and the United States, hardly recognize any likeness between their lives and what they see on TV.
The first difference is that a policeman's real life centers round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, running down as alley after someone he wants to talk to.
He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty or not of stupid, petty crimes.
Most television crime drama is about the criminal. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attack where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police — little effort is spent on searching. The police have a well-designed machinery which eventually shows up most wanted men.
Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. Much of this has to be given by people who don't want to get involved in a court case. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuading them to help him.
A third big difference is the unpleasant moral twilight in which the real one lives. Detectives are subject to two opposing pressures: firstly, as members of a police force they always have to behave with absolute legality: secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both.
If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-mindedness as he sees it, of citizens, social workers, doctors, lawmakers, and judges, who instead of stamping out crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detectives feel, is that nine tenths of their work is recatching people who have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical.
81. Why is it essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law?
82. What is the everyday life of a policeman or detective like?
83. When murders and terrorist attack occur the police, what would they do?
84. Why the real detective lives in “ an unpleasant moral twilight"?
85. Why are detectives rather cynical?
In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said, “Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day." And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are “untouched by human hands" and therefore safe from human temptation. Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal.
Computer criminals don't use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witness and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it: it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records.
Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on their employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days notice. In those thirty days, she erased all the firm's computerized records.
Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg." As one official says, “I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing — the ones who know how a computer works."
86. What is the passage mainly about?
87. Transactions in many banks are claimed to be safe because they
88. How can bank teller cover up his crime?
89. What must the librarian do thirty days after she received the notice?
90. According to the last paragraph, what kind of criminals are the police unable to catch?
参考答案：
1. a huge Cathedral 2. a strange iron tower
3. a river 4. lots of wonderful art galleries
5. Euro Disney 6. the Nile
7. broad 8. narrow
9. outside Cairo/the city 10. mosques
11. Paragraph 5 12. Paragraph 7
13. Paragraph 6 14. Paragraph 4
15. Paragraph 2 16. Paragraph 3
17. Paragraph 6 18. Paragraph 10
19. Paragraph 8 20. Paragraph 11
21. falls 22. enough
23. fall 24. live
25. million 26. hand
27. each 28. year
29. more 30. twice
31. F 32. T
33. T 34. T
35. F 36. B
37. A 38. C
39. B 40. B
41. C 42. B
43.C 44. B
45. A 46. A
47. B 48. B
49. A 50. B
51. C 52. A
53. B 54. B
55. C 56. B
57. A 58. C
59. A 60. C
61. T 62. T
63. T 64. F
65. F 66. F
67. F 68. T
69. T 70. T
71. F 72. T
73. T 74. F
75. F 76. F
77. T 78. T
79. F 80. F
81. So that he can justify his arrests in court.
82. Wasted on unimportant matters.
83. Prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself away.
84. He is forced to break the law in order to preserve it.
85. Society does not punish criminals severely enough.
86. Computer crimes. ( 或 Computer criminals.)
87. Are untouched by human hands ( 或 are handled by computers)
88. Claiming a computer error ( 或 moving money from one account to another)
89. Leave her job. ( 或 Quit her work.)
90. Computer experts.